Over 400 IPs Exploiting Multiple SSRF Vulnerabilities in Coordinated Cyber Attack
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Introduction
A recent wave of Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attacks has put global cybersecurity at risk, with over 400 IPs actively exploiting multiple SSRF vulnerabilities simultaneously. Cybersecurity firm GreyNoise has raised the alarm, observing a coordinated cyberattack across different platforms on March 9, 2025.
The attack targets critical infrastructure, cloud services, and enterprise applications, posing a significant risk to organizations worldwide. Countries most affected by these SSRF exploitation attempts include the United States, Germany, Singapore, India, Lithuania, Japan, and Israel, which witnessed a surge on March 11, 2025.
Let’s break down the nature of the attack, the vulnerabilities being exploited, and how businesses can protect themselves from such threats.
What Are SSRF Vulnerabilities?
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) is a critical web security vulnerability that allows attackers to send unauthorized requests from a vulnerable server. These requests can be leveraged to:
- Access internal services not exposed to the internet.
- Retrieve cloud metadata containing sensitive information.
- Bypass firewalls and access controls.
- Conduct reconnaissance for future attacks.
Because modern cloud services often rely on internal metadata APIs, an exploited SSRF vulnerability can allow attackers to steal credentials, map networks, and access sensitive resources.
SSRF Exploitation: Key Details of the Attack
GreyNoise has detected a structured and automated attack pattern where multiple SSRF vulnerabilities are being exploited simultaneously, suggesting:
- Automation tools are being used to launch attacks at scale.
- Attackers are not targeting a single flaw but rather exploiting multiple SSRF vulnerabilities at once.
- The attack appears to be part of a larger pre-compromise intelligence-gathering effort.
List of SSRF Vulnerabilities Under Attack
The exploited SSRF vulnerabilities span multiple platforms, affecting enterprise applications, cloud services, and software solutions. Some of the major vulnerabilities being actively targeted include:
| CVE ID | Platform | CVSS Score |
|---|---|---|
| CVE-2017-0929 | DotNetNuke | 7.5 |
| CVE-2020-7796 | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 9.8 |
| CVE-2021-21973 | VMware vCenter | 5.3 |
| CVE-2021-22054 | VMware Workspace ONE UEM | 7.5 |
| CVE-2021-22175 | GitLab CE/EE | 9.8 |
| CVE-2021-22214 | GitLab CE/EE | 8.6 |
| CVE-2021-39935 | GitLab CE/EE | 7.5 |
| CVE-2023-5830 | ColumbiaSoft DocumentLocator | 9.8 |
| CVE-2024-6587 | BerriAI LiteLLM | 7.5 |
| CVE-2024-21893 | Ivanti Connect Secure | 8.2 |
| OpenBMCS 2.4 | Authenticated SSRF Attempt | No CVE |
| Zimbra Collaboration Suite | SSRF Attempt | No CVE |
How Attackers Are Exploiting These Vulnerabilities
The coordinated nature of this attack suggests three primary objectives:
- Mapping Internal Networks – Attackers use SSRF to gather information on internal IP addresses and services, aiding in further exploitation.
- Stealing Cloud Credentials – By exploiting metadata services in cloud environments, attackers can extract API keys, tokens, and authentication credentials.
- Gaining Unauthorized Access – SSRF attacks often bypass network security controls, enabling attackers to communicate with restricted systems.
Mitigation Measures: How to Defend Against SSRF Attacks
Given the active exploitation of these vulnerabilities, organizations should take immediate action to secure their systems. Here are some critical steps:
1. Apply Security Patches
- Ensure that all affected software and third-party applications are updated to their latest patched versions.
- Regularly monitor vendor updates for new security patches related to SSRF vulnerabilities.
2. Implement Network Security Controls
- Restrict outbound traffic to only necessary endpoints.
- Implement firewalls and network segmentation to limit access to internal services.
3. Secure Cloud Metadata APIs
- Use Instance Metadata Service Version 2 (IMDSv2) in AWS to prevent SSRF attacks from accessing metadata.
- Disable unnecessary internal API endpoints that could be accessed via SSRF.
4. Monitor Suspicious Activity
- Deploy Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to flag unusual outbound requests.
- Set up SIEM alerts to detect unauthorized access attempts from suspicious IPs.
5. Input Validation and Whitelisting
- Implement strict input validation to block untrusted URLs and requests.
- Use whitelisting to allow only specific domains for server-side requests.
FAQs: Understanding the SSRF Attack & Protection
1. What makes SSRF vulnerabilities so dangerous?
SSRF vulnerabilities allow attackers to send unauthorized requests from within a trusted server, enabling them to bypass security controls, steal sensitive data, and access restricted networks.
2. How can I check if my system is vulnerable to SSRF attacks?
Organizations should perform regular vulnerability scans using tools like Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, or Nessus to detect SSRF weaknesses in their applications.
3. Which industries are most at risk?
Industries relying on cloud services, enterprise software, and financial platforms are at the highest risk due to the nature of SSRF vulnerabilities.
4. Are SSRF attacks preventable?
Yes, with proper security measures, such as patch management, access controls, and input validation, organizations can significantly reduce SSRF risks.
5. Why are multiple vulnerabilities being exploited at once?
Attackers often use automation and exploit multiple vulnerabilities to increase their chances of success, making it harder for organizations to detect and respond in time.
6. What should I do if I detect SSRF exploitation in my network?
Immediately block suspicious IPs, audit access logs, apply necessary patches, and conduct a full forensic analysis to determine the extent of the attack.
How Can Technijian Help?
At Technijian, we specialize in cybersecurity solutions that protect organizations from SSRF attacks, cloud vulnerabilities, and advanced cyber threats. Our services include:
- 24/7 Threat Monitoring – Detect and respond to threats in real time.
- Security Patch Management – Ensure all critical vulnerabilities are patched promptly.
- Network & Cloud Security Assessments – Identify and mitigate security risks.
- Incident Response & Forensics – Rapid investigation and remediation of cyberattacks.
- Advanced Firewalls & Zero Trust Security – Protect against unauthorized network access.
💡 Don’t let SSRF attacks put your business at risk! Contact Technijian today to secure your cloud infrastructure, applications, and enterprise systems against evolving threats.
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